• How to protect bumblebees from heat

  great. We advise growers to protect the hive from direct sunlight and to place it in a cool spot. There are various methods available for growers to do [...] growers. To ensure a positive result, it is crucial to protect to bumblebees from heat. Hot temperatures can significantly impact pollinators' activity and

• Entonem keeps young orchids free from fungus gnats

  fine mist to rinse off nematodes that are on the leaves. A while later, I collect a few drops of drainage water from underneath the treated crop. I examine [...] Their maximum biological approach is clear to see: the company uses ten different beneficials for its two sites in Heemskerk, the Netherlands and its third [...] solution moving to ensure that the composition is homogeneous and the nematodes are distributed adequately and evenly over the crop.’ Important to avoid slower

• How to protect bumblebees in cold

  During the colder months, from half November until half of February, strategic hive placement becomes even more critical. Here are some key tips to ensure [...] pollination activities, rather than regulating the hive's internal climate. Different temperatures can affect the behavior of bumblebees: 8-11 °C: Bumblebees

• How beneficial nematodes control onion fly

  the larvae feed extensively. Once the initial host plants are damaged, the larvae move from one plant to another, increasing the risk of widespread infestation [...] Effective control of the onion fly ensures that the harvested onion bulbs are free from damage and of high quality, which is essential to meet market demands [...] Onions are a common crop worldwide, but their cultivation is often challenged by onion fly ( Delia antiqua ). The larvae of the onion fly can cause significant

• Rhizoctonia solani

  grows from plant to plant and from the soil upward, therefore the lowest plant parts are infected first. Plants that are generally growing well are less [...] AG’s. The different AG’s are more or less specific to the pathogenicity of different host groups. Not all isolates are pathogenic, many isolates are purely [...] fungus, 12 different ‘anastomosis groups (AG’s)’ are distinguished. When two hyphae of Thanatephorus cucumeris meet, two different reactions are possible

• Bacterial wilt, brown rot

  (seed potatoes, cuttings of ornamentals ) from warmer regions. Different races are distinguished with a differing, but overlapping host-range. Race 3 is pretty [...] xylem vessels. In potato, it is tuber-borne. Spread from plant to plant results from bacteria moving from the roots of infected plants to neighbouring plants [...] solanacearum are wilting and yellowing of leaves and stunted plants. Inside, vascular browning is common with bacterial slime oozing from the cut. When

• Pepino mosaic virus

  also variability among different isolates belonging to the same strain. Although different isolates within one and the same strain are genetically very similar [...] family) that was originally isolated from pepino ( Solanum muricatum ), a South American melon-like fruit. From the season 1999-2000 the virus started [...] viral proteins and the assembly of new virus particles. Four different strains of the virus are known: the Chilean strain (CH2), the European strain (EU)

• Fusarium wilt

  oxysporum has many different formae speciales which are each selectively pathogenic on a limited number of crops. Even within one crop, different formae speciales [...] soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and [...] whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are brown discolouration of the xylem vessels which can be seen when the stems are cut. In banana, whole plantations

• Fusarium spp.

  oxysporum has many different ‘formae speciales’ which are each selectively pathogenic on a limited number of crops. Even within one crop, different 'formae speciales' [...] soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and [...] whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are brown discolouration of the xylem vessels, which can be seen when the stems are cut. In banana, whole plantations

• Parasitic wasps

  What are parasitic wasps? Parasitic wasps are small insects that play a crucial role in natural pest control. They are called "parasitic" because they [...] eventually killing it. These wasps are highly specialized, with different species targeting specific pests. They are effective in reducing the population [...] horticulture and agriculture. Unlike chemical pesticides, parasitic wasps are natural and do not harm beneficial insects, animals, or the environment. Benefits