Bacterial canker of tomato

disinfect tools and greenhouse structures Use a crop rotation in field crops of at least two years and alternate with a non-host crop Apply deep-ploughing to stimulate [...] General Clavibacter is a quarantine organism in Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When the occasional [...] entirely or, if the crop is old, only the plants in the infected area, with a substantial buffer zone. Replanting can only take place after thorough disinfection

Powdery mildew

General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage [...] underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the upper side of the leaves [...] meaning they feed on living plant cells and barely survive in the absence of a living crop. They survive as ascospores or perithecia, structures containing

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] has many different formae speciales which are each selectively pathogenic on a limited number of crops. Even within one crop, different formae speciales may

Gummy stem blight

General Mycosphaerella cucumis (Didymella bryoniae) is a fungal plant pathogen that causes gummy stem blight. Damage symptoms Mycosphaerella cucumis in [...] Before cropping: Remove all crop debris and disinfect the greenhouse Choose a cultivar that is less susceptible to internal fruit rot Use clean propagation

Melon

(the fruit) is actually a berry, or more specifically even, a "pepo". Nowadays many different cultivars are being produced on a commercial scale, especially [...] About A melon can be any one of several plants belonging to the family of Cucurbitaceae . The melon plant produces a usually sweet and edible, fleshy fruit

Biosolutions for Tropicals: Pest Control for Floral and Foliage Crops

Limonica: One Mean Mite Released to the American market a decade ago, Limonica is a meaner mite for a badder bug like Thrips parvispinus . The most versatile [...] Spidex ( P. persimilis ), Spical ( N. californicus ), Limonica ( A. limonicus ), Swirski-Mite ( A. swirskii ) and Cryptobug-L ( C. montrouzieri ) form an effective [...] pests that develop chemical resistance. One important difference between a floral and a foliage IPM program is the flowers. Thrips go crazy when pollen is

Cannabis aphid

described in 1860, the cannabis aphid ( Phorodon cannabis ; a.k.a. bhang aphid or hemp aphid) is a very new pest to North America. It was first seen on cuttings [...] offspring. Newborn nymphs will typically reach maturity within a couple of weeks, and adults live up to a month. Outdoors, as the days shorten in late summer/early [...] developing on cannabis plants, as well. Damage symptoms The cannabis aphid is a sap sucker, like all aphids , and affected plants are damaged by the loss of

Bugs

Hemiptera Bugs What are bugs? Heteropteran bugs form a group in the order Hemiptera , a highly diverse group of insects, containing both harmful and beneficial [...] their body when at rest. The wings overlap each other exposing the scutellum, a prominent triangular region of the thorax between the wing bases. This dis [...] forewings that meet, but do not overlap, in the dorsal midline. Some bugs produce a pungent odour. Heteropteran bugs are hemimetabolous insects. Their life cycle

Corn earworm

instars, over a total period of two to three weeks, developing a greyish colour and a black cephalic capsule in the first stage, but later adopting a variety [...] around 18 mm and have a slightly shiny brown colour. The adults have a brown-coloured body, with a wingspan of 35 to 40 mm and a dark stripe on the side [...] corn earworm The eggs of corn earworm are a milky-white colour, which turn dark grey before hatching, and have a ribbed spherical shape. The larvae hatch

Lesser house fly

cases, large fly populations can even represent a public health concern for the communities surrounding a farm. Damage symptoms While the lesser house fly [...] are considered a serious pest because: The males form swarms above the ground at head height inside barns and hen houses, making them a particularly annoying [...] matter or carrion. The brown larvae that emerge after a few days are typically flattened, with a fringe of spiny lateral protuberances. These maggots feed