• Cabbage moth

  crop during the day. Several days after emerging from their pupae the female moths lay clusters of 20 to 100 eggs on the underside of leaves or elsewhere [...] laid. From the third instar onwards, they disperse over the whole plant. There are six larval instars, with the youngest a transparent yellow to grey-green [...] longitudinal stripe. The full-grown caterpillar varies in colour from green or brown to black. In younger instars, the relatively large head capsule is

• Tomato leaf miner

  miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue, leading to desiccation, premature [...] usually in the upper side of the leaf. Egg spots are oval and hard to distinguish from feeding spots. Larvae of Liriomyza bryoniae are transparent white [...] white, older larvae have a yellow head. When the larva hatches from the egg, it begins to eat into the leaf at once, tunnelling down into the mesophyll tissue

• Bugs

  bugs Bugs can cause extensive damage to greenhouse and field crops by feeding on plant tissues and fruits, leading to deformation, discoloration, and yield [...] yield loss. Effective bug control is key to maintaining healthy, high-quality crops. Biological control of bugs combines targeted monitoring and natural [...] triangular region of the thorax between the wing bases. This distinguishes them from beetles , which have hard, leathery forewings that meet, but do not overlap

• Green peach aphid

  extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or [...] sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the [...] tomato, cucumber and many other greenhouse crops. The aphid may originate from Asia, where its winter-hardy host plant, the peach tree, is native, however

• Sugar cane

  extracted in mill factories to be processed into sugar or fermented to produce ethanol. The world’s sugar consumption is derived from sugar cane for 80%, with [...] About Native to the tropical regions of South Asia and Melanesia, sugar cane belongs to the tall perennial true grass genus, Saccharum , of the family [...] with the remainder made from sugar beet. As a tropical and subtropical crop, it requires plentiful rainfall for a period of more than six months per annum

• Combating Vine Weevil Successfully

  April 24, 2018

  certain bacteria from their intestinal tract. These bacteria convert tissue from the host into substances that are easy for the nematodes to absorb. The larvae [...] vine weevils, but without getting rid of the larvae, growers will continue to experience problems. This is why there is a need for a biological approach

• Diamond back moth

  suggested to have its origin in Europe, South Africa or East Asia, but is now present wherever its cruciferous hosts exist and it is considered to be the [...] can travel long distances to invade crops in other regions. Damage symptoms The caterpillar is a surface feeder. They feed from the lower leaf surface, leaving [...] occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to brown before adult emergence. The adult of the diamond back

• Optimal placement of bumblebee hives

  can be taken to increase the productivity of bumblebees: To ensure successful communication between bumblebees and humans, it is crucial to position the [...] bumblebees to receive maximum daylight, aiding their orientation. To avoid overheating, ensure that the hives are not positioned too close to heat-generating [...] grouped together. Protection of the hive To maintain hive efficiency, it is crucial to shield the hives from adverse weather conditions, such as condensation

• Blackberry

  fruit that originates from a wide range of species belonging to the genus Rubus that is part of the family of Rosaceae , but also from hybrids within the

• Lesser house fly

  different pathogens from contaminated breeding sites to healthy animals over large distances. Fannia flies have been confirmed to carry the viruses that [...] remain in flight as they wait to be visited by an unmated female. Female flies are less active and tend to remain close to breeding sites, where they deposit [...] other manure-breeding flies . Fannia species can be found worldwide, from the arctic to the temperate neotropics, and they typically reproduce in feces, compost