Tobacco whitefly

level of resistance to many insecticides and its propensity for the transmission of viruses. Damage symptoms The larvae of whitefly need a lot of protein [...] transmission of viruses, including TYLCV in tomato. The consumption of plant sap and secreting of honeydew by whiteflies reduce the aesthetic value of crops. [...] peppers, yellowing of the flower stalks in gerbera, and serious yellowing of the leaves of French beans. Other symptoms include the appearance of chlorotic patches

Greenhouse whitefly

The larvae of whitefly need a lot of protein for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and [...] can be transmitted. The consumption of plant sap and secreting of honeydew by whiteflies reduce the aesthetic value of crops. This is particularly important [...] General The greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) is one of the major pests of vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses throughout the world

Spider mites and other mites

necrosis. Life cycle of mites The life cycle of mites typically consists of four stages: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. The duration of their life cycle can [...] Biological control of spider mites and other mites uses a range of natural enemies that target different developmental stages of the pest: Predatory mites [...] such as temperature, humidity, and the availability of food. Here's an overview of the life cycle of plant mites: Egg: The life cycle begins with the female

House fly

protozoan parasites (such as Giardia ), and the eggs of many parasitic worm species. Life cycle and appearance of House fly The adult house fly ( Musca domestica [...] General Houseflies are a well-known pest of farm and home. Believed to have originated in central Asia, the insect expanded its range worldwide long ago [...] always found in association with human activity. As the most common species of fly found on livestock farms, they represent both a nuisance and a risk for

Broad mite

indication of an attack of broad mite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus ), is the appearance of dark brown edges at the base of young leaves. In case of a mild [...] caused by viruses. The typical pattern of damage consists of malformation and distortion of the above-ground growth of the plant. The mites show a preference [...] undersides of young, expanding leaves. Symptoms of an attack remain visible several weeks after the mites have been removed. Life cycle and appearance of Broad

Mealybugs and scales

gain an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Characteristically [...] the honeydew with its sooty mould is usually the first sign of the presence of this type of pest. Among ornamental crops, ferns are particularly sensitive [...] yield. Effective control of mealybugs and scales is essential to maintain healthy and marketable crops. Biological control of mealybugs and scales relies

Long-tailed mealybug

range of host plants of Pseudococcus longispinus is less extensive than that of the citrus mealy bug but it nevertheless encompasses many species of (ornamental) [...] an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must therefore ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Charac [...] causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves, sometimes followed by defoliation. The overall effect is a reduction of photosynthesis and therefore the yield

Leaf miners

is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of leaf miner. The older [...] Agromyzidae. This is a family of small flies whose larvae tunnel into the leaves of plants, creating ‘mines’. There are many species of leaf miner affecting various [...] tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown plants of fruiting vegetable crops, however, a considerable quantity of foliage can be lost

Citrus mealybug

an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must therefore ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Charac [...] hed from other mealy bugs by their possession of 18 pairs of relatively short wax rods round the edge of the body, and two slightly longer ‘tail filaments’ [...] cocoon, it goes in search of a female. A fertilized female lays several hundreds of eggs in an elongated cottony egg sac composed of white waxy threads. Once

Red palm weevil

Due to the specific morphology of the palms, direct or indirect destruction of the apical bud will lead to the death of the plant, which makes the red [...] difficult to recognize the first signs of red palm weevil ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus ) presence and only later stages of attack are conspicuous. However, the [...] base of living fronds. Larvae are present and feed in the softest and most humid living tissues (growth areas) with a low to moderate proportion of fibres