Bacterial wilt, brown rot

becomes grey-brown and the tuber eyes also turn grey-brown. This disease can be distinguished from Clavibacter by the bacterial slime produced from wounds [...] moving from the roots of infected plants to neighbouring plants. The bacteria can also be transported by irrigation water. Disease incidence is highest when [...] infect the crop Do not use cut potatoes for propagation, since cutting tubers can increase disease incidence with up to 250% Quarantine measures are in place

Rhizoctonia solani

fungus may also infect plant parts in contact with the soil and from there can grow upward. Lesions are brown and rot on fruits is brown, water-soaked and [...] scab). Symptoms may differ between crops. On the diseased areas, sclerotia can be seen, but they vary in size and colour and are therefore not a good feature [...] cells around the fusion site die. To complicate matters further, subgroups can be distinguished within AG’s. The different AG’s are more or less specific

Gummy stem blight

occur. In cucumber, the most important symptom is internal fruit rot, which can only be recognized from the outside by the small narrowing of the tip of the [...] present on the plant, at high relative humidity (RH) and on wounds. Leaves can be infected directly, through wounds, hydathodes (the end of leaf veins) or

Two-spotted spider mite

mite”. The spots can vary in both form and size. The red eyes can be seen in all stages. Recognize two-spotted spider mite Spider mites can be identified [...] as 30% damage of the leaf surface can lead to loss of the crop. The nymphs and adults also produce webs, and plants can get completely covered with such [...] infested area. Damage: Spider mites can cause damage to leaves by piercing the plant cells and sucking out the contents. This can result in yellowing, speckling

Black leg of seedlings

General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress [...] dispersed when soil particles are moved around by humans or machinery. Pythium can survive very well in the soil or substrate in the absence of plants. Many

Whitefly

honeydew, which can coat the leaves and stems of infested plants. Sooty mold: Honeydew can also promote the growth of a black, sooty mold that can cover the [...] fields. They feed on the sap of plants, which can cause damage to the leaves and stunting of growth. They can also transmit plant viruses from one plant to [...] where they feed on plant sap. Damage: Whiteflies can cause damage to leaves by feeding on plant sap. This can result in yellowing, wilting, or premature leaf

Spider mites and other mites

formation of leaf gall. Infested fruits can show yellow or brown spots or can be distorted. Heavy infestation can affect the overall health and growth of [...] other parts of the plant. The number of eggs laid by a single female can vary, and they can hatch within a few days to a couple of weeks, again depending on [...] early signs of plant mites is also critical. This can be done by scouting the plants visually. You can also take steps to prevent plant mites from entering

Thrips

thrips, so you can detect an infestation early and take action. This can be done by using sticky traps, which are attractive to thrips and can help trap them [...] mites can be an effective preventative measure, as these natural enemies can help keep thrips populations in check. Predatory mites in sachets can be a [...] this stage can the particular species of thrips be identified based on form, colour and pattern of hairs. Recognize thrips Thrips adults can be identified

Coleobug

about 1 mm long. By the final larval stage before pupation, they can reach 1.4 mm. Pupae can range in color from yellowish to deep orange with dark spots. [...] quickly. Pests Effective against different aphid species. Crops Coleobug can be used on a wide variety of crops thanks to its adaptability and generalist [...] mouthparts and consumed directly. The larvae are especially voracious and can consume more than 30 aphids per day. Adults also maintain a high consumption

Cabbage looper

host, it can also be found in crops such as tomato, pepper, some cucurbits, soybean, sesame and cotton. One of the reasons why this plague can be serious [...] the leaf. They have a voracious appetite and can daily consume up to three times their body weight. Plants can be severely defoliated and stunted. Life cycle [...] cycle and appearance of Trichoplusia ni Adults can deposit up to 300 eggs on the underside margins of the upper leaves of plants. The eggs have a spherical