• Potato aphid

  m euphorbiae ) is of North American origin, but is these days distributed throughout the world. It is a highly polyphagous species with a preference for [...] aphids are 1.7 - 3.6 mm long, elongated, with a dark longitudinal stripe running along the dorsal surface. In green individuals, this stripe is dark green, [...] while in pink specimens it is dark red. This longitudinal stripe is specifically characteristic of the potato aphid and is particularly visible in the

• Diamond back moth

  dark, sometimes suffused with ochre or mixed with whitish scales. The lower one-third of the forewing is ochreous-white, with a nearly white upper edge [...] xylostella) is suggested to have its origin in Europe, South Africa or East Asia, but is now present wherever its cruciferous hosts exist and it is considered [...] larval instars. The body tapers at both ends and is green, sometimes suffused with pale yellow, with a few short hairs and small white patches. The larva

• Green peach aphid

  peach tree, is native, however it is now a pest with a world-wide distribution. The green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae subsp. persicae ) is a particularly [...] persicae subsp. persicae ) is the most important vector of viral diseases. It can transmit at least 100 different viruses and is thus rightfully feared by [...] have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are

• Tomato looper

  family of Noctuidae . It is a tropical and subtropical species originating in the Mediterranean and northern Africa. The larva is highly polyphagous and [...] countries and is now one of the most frequently found pest species in greenhouses. Damage symptoms The tomato looper (Chrysodeixis chalcites) is primarily [...] looper or golden twin-spot moth ( Chrysodeixis chalcites ) is predominantly brown-gold with two conspicuous droplet-shaped white marks on the forewing

• Cotton leafworm

  littoralis) is a highly polyphagous species feeding on plants of 40 families, containing 87 species of economic importance. It originates in Egypt, and is currently [...] female of the cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) can lay up to 3,000 eggs. Each egg is roughly spherical, about 0.6 mm long and whitish yellow. They are [...] pale green with a brownish head. In the last larval stage, they are 35 to 45 mm long. Coloration varies from grey to reddish or yellowish, with a median

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  Precisely where the plant is pierced is unimportant. The piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause deformed growth above with lumpy leaves and curled [...] have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are [...] When reproduction is sexual, the aphids lay eggs that overwinter. In greenhouses reproduction also takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized viviparous

• Common cockchafer

  beetle. The adult beetle is 25 to 30 mm long, with a dark head, black pronotum covered with short hairs, and reddish brown elytra with four longitudinal ribs [...] ribs each. The abdomen is black, with typical triangular white spots below the elytra. When just laid, the oval eggs of the common cockchafer ( Melolontha [...] melolontha ) are 2 x 3 mm, but they increase in size by absorbing water. The larvae (grubs) have a whitish curved body, large head, with strong mandibles and

• Tomato pinworm

  species, especially eggplant and potato. It is frequently confused with similar species that might be present, with which it shares similar habits. Due to the [...] fruits of tomato. Mining by larvae in the leaves is the most common type of injury. Initially, the mine is long and narrow, but it later widens to become [...] colour to start with, then turn brown or orange as they develop and can be found on the underside of the leaves. When the presence of the pest is high, they

• Cabbage moth

  instars, with the youngest a transparent yellow to grey-green with a characteristic brown-black head capsule. After the third moult, the caterpillar is green [...] grey-brown to black forewings, with a kidney-shaped white-rimmed marking in the middle. The hindwings are light brown with a rather inconspicuous spot in [...] in the middle. Head and thorax are grey-brown with white spots, and the abdomen is a pale, greyish brown. The moth flies only at dawn and dusk, hiding in

• House fly

  as a commensal organism to human populations; the housefly is always found in association with human activity. As the most common species of fly found on [...] House fly The adult house fly ( Musca domestica ) is 6–7 mm long, yellowish-grey to dark grey in colour, with four narrow black stripes on the thorax, reddish-brown [...] four days. Development time for all Musca domestica life stages is temperature-dependent, with maximum egg production and fly development occurring between