Leaf miners
in horticultural crops are mostly polyphagous; that is, they feed on many crops. However, this is not universal among the Agromyzidae. Of the approximately [...] quantity of foliage can be lost before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of [...] and can open the way for secondary infections. Effective leaf miner control is essential to protect plant vitality and maintain marketable yields. Biological