Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

galls on the stems, which are first white and later turn brown. Only Rhizobium radiobacter causes galls and tumours on underground plant parts and on the [...] yet been defined. The assumption is that the bacteria survive in the soil, but it is possible that first infection is from the propagation material. Infection [...] hygiene protocol, including disinfection of tools, drippers, gutters etc. Adjust the work order in greenhouses to fit with the hygiene protocol Disinfect

BioSolutions_for_Red_Headed_Flea_Beetle.pdf

proand ain is t wil nsult cid k om howtha cons im rke lan ipit ntehou e is ,tha withfor tinoug Ent Th Co en pe Apha e es out g ee gra . eetrem thr ps S. masc [...] benefic or wit eratthe befreet in ad on.ud feed dry ible uce am imrely ay, andcanopy lao qu t r-is two a foliar compat to is not str en thaco ali Thursd in the [...] outar of the t. es :, Kop d su 00onft andiu ips ch rnal en e is R typ fewThrns it R able 3,5 reaes d age rat soft lva i Mit perge to)try are d treatm Fi

Nematodes significantly reduce Tuta larvae

‘Today, this allows us to offer a consistent quality that is safe and sustainable all year round on our 14 hectares of high-tech greenhouses and other production [...] minimum impact on the surrounding environment and we wanted to offer safe and sustainable products to our customers,’ Zoboli continues. ‘It is better to use [...] their effect. When the moment comes, we apply them 3 times at a 5-day interval. We spray them on the tomato canopy at a dosage of 3 billion per hectare. We

Pepino mosaic virus

infection is one them. The moment in the crop cycle when the infection takes place is another factor that might have an important impact on the damage [...] mosaic pattern on the leaves Yellow spots on older leaves and interveinal chlorosis Necrosis of the stems Fruit Yellow or orange mottling on the tomatoes [...] Flame-like pattern on the tomatoes Cracks and damage to the fruit (splitting open) Symptoms on fruits can appear with or without symptoms on the rest of the

A NatuGro Case Study

counted every 2 weeks on 15 randomly selected plants per plot. The number of flowers is a proxy for harvest (strawberry load on 1 plant) 3 weeks later [...] combination of products that is easily integrated in drip applications and follows a fool proof application schedule based on international experience by [...] nutrients (Yakhin et al. 2017). While the mode of action of bio stimulants is generally accepted as a modifier of physiological processes in plants, the

Grape downy mildew

e, characteristic ‘oil spots’ on the upper surface of young, actively growing leaves, followed by downy white growth on the underside, are typical early [...] symptoms usually appear 7–10 days post-infection (depending on temperature and humidity), the disease is often well-established before it can be visually detected [...] to light-green oil spots on the upper leaf surface, often angular and limited by leaf veins White to greyish downy growth on the underside of leaves under

Grapevine powdery mildew

critical for effective control strategies. Powdery mildew on grapevine leaves. White, powdery spots on the leaf surface. Signs and damage symptoms of Grapevine [...] to yellowish spots on the upper leaf surface Development of white to grey, powdery fungal growth Powdery coating may also appear on the underside of leaves [...] (Erysiphe necator) is closely synchronized with the vine growth stages and environmental conditions. Understanding its lifecycle is essential to implementing

Fusarium spp.

mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place [...] Fusarium spp. is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are [...] oxysporum ( Fusarium wilt ) is the species that causes vascular wilt. Initially, the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally

Powdery mildew

stomata on the underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the [...] fungus causing powdery mildew is extremely sensitive to water and ‘hides’ on the underside of the leaves. Therefore, this is where the colonies mostly occur [...] layer of plant cells. Most of the fungus remains on the outside of the plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface, new conidiophores are formed

Aphelinus abdominalis

wasp is available in a bottle ( Aphilin ). Release mummies near infested plants, because Aphelinus abdominalis is not very mobile Spread material on rock [...] Aphelinus abdominalis is a parasitic wasp for the biological control of various aphid species. The parasitic wasp Aphelinus abdominalis is used for the biological [...] for advice on the best strategy for your situation. Best conditions for use of Aphelinus abdominalis The parasitic wasp Aphelinus abdominalis is effective