Southern European marshland pyralid
ornamental crop plants, such as roses and gerbera, aquatic plants, vegetable crops such as celery, pepper and lettuce, and weeds. The secretive habit of the [...] in begonia and kalanchoë a relatively small population can cause severe damage, whereas roses appear to tolerate larger numbers. Life cycle and appearance [...] be eaten. It has even been known for the caterpillars to inflict damage to the roots of crops cultivated in an ebb-and-flow irrigation system. The damage