• Cotton

  woven into cloth worldwide. Cotton plants belong to the genus Gossypium and are part of the mallow family Malvaceae . Cultivation conditions for this important [...] These conditions can be found within the seasonally dry tropics and subtropics in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. These regions can be extended

• Vine mealybug

  adult. The eggs are golden-yellow in color and are deposited in an cottony egg sac (ovisac) containing from 300-500 eggs. The nymphs are very similar to [...] yield. Flowers and fruit often drop off. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but low in proteins. In order to gain an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must [...] to the adult female, even if they are smaller. The prepupa and pupa stages are present only in the male. After a complete metamorphosis, a winged male emerges

• Common bean

  long time. Wild varieties often tend to grow upwards, however many types are identified as ‘bush beans’ or ‘pole beans’, depending on how they grow. Kidney

• Cranberry

  and north-central areas of the United States. This cranberry is also found in certain regions along the Pacific Coast of North America and parts of Europe [...] of these berries varies between 9-14 mm or 0.35-0.55 inch. These berries are edible and thus produced commercially.

• Tomato russet mite

  lycopersici was detected for the first time in Australia and is a pest in tomatoes in all areas where they are grown. Other members of the plant family [...] of legs, whereas other mite groups have four pairs. Eggs are roughly 0.05 mm in diameter and are laid on the underside of leaves, on leaf petioles, and on [...] after about two or three days. They are cream to orange-yellow in colour, wedge-shaped and very small (roughly 0.17 mm in length), with males being slightly

• Cotton leafworm

  through six larval stages. Young larvae are pale green with a brownish head. In the last larval stage, they are 35 to 45 mm long. Coloration varies from [...] blackish marking, which is more pronounced in the male. The hindwings are whitish, with a brown leading edge. Adults are only active at night. [...] containing 87 species of economic importance. It originates in Egypt, and is currently found in Africa, the Canary Islands, the Middle East and parts of

• Diamond back moth

  diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) are initially yellow or pale green and later darken. They are deposited singly or in small groups of two or ten eggs on [...] instar, which mines in the leaf tissue, the larvae are voracious surface feeders. The pupae of the diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) are covered with a [...] often stick to leaves and frequently hide in crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is

• Broad mite

  and cyclamen are also affected. Outside in temperate climates, broad mites (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) are not a serious problem, as they are unable to [...] General The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) [...] elongated, oval eggs are firmly attached to the surface and are rather large (about 0.07 mm) compared with the subsequent, active stages. They are transparent and

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by the aphids are visible in lower leaves in the form of yellow patches. Heavy yellowing may even be followed [...] appearance. Antennae are marked by a number of darker bands, and their length exceeds that of the body. The legs are also long, there are two distinctive dark [...] to deformations in the growing tip of the plant. Precisely where the plant is pierced is unimportant. The piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause

• Apple

  of the genus Malus. Currently, more than 7,500 known varieties of apples are being cultivated, each with their own characteristics. Ripe apples usually