• Impatiens thrips

  patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. When [...] themselves can shrivel. Echinothrips americanus is often found low in the crop. In sweet pepper the damage can be seen as discolouration of older leaves [...] Adults are found on both upper- and undersides of the leaves. This species of thrips is relatively large. Both males and females are dark brown to black

• Anagyrus vladimiri

  fluids of its mealybug hosts. This behavior serves a dual purpose, including nutritional intake and pre-reproductive conditioning. Life cycle and appearance [...] appearance of Anagyrus vladimiri Adults show marked sexual dimorphism: the female is about 1.5-2 mm in length and brown, with distinctive black and white banded [...] posterior end of the mummy. Anagyrus vladimiri has a strong photokinetic response, i.e. the female is strongly attracted to light and is inactive in darkness

• Parasitic wasps

  Biodiversity and ecosystem balance: The introduction of parasitic wasps into commercial growing environments can promote biodiversity, as the use of harmful [...] in the crop, which can enhance overall crop health and resilience. A diverse ecosystem often means fewer imbalances and outbreaks of specific pest species [...] population of harmful insects, making them valuable allies in horticulture and agriculture. Unlike chemical pesticides, parasitic wasps are natural and do not

• Tomato russet mite

  on the lower part of the plant and moves upwards as the mites ascend. Life cycle and appearance of tomato russet mite All life stages of the tomato russet [...] The fruit can also be affected, and when this happens in tomatoes, the skin becomes coarse and turns reddish brown and the fruit itself is sometimes deformed [...] Damage symptoms Damage is caused by the mites sucking out the contents of plant cells. Affected leaves are slightly curled and acquire a silvery sheen

• Western flower thrips

  patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. When [...] on a wide variety of plants, including many vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses, and on various weeds. It is an especially significant pest in [...] pepper, eggplants, and many ornamental crops. Damage symptoms Thrips cause damage to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues and sucking out their

• Fusarium spp.

  Fusarium spp. is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are [...] host plant, and the disease may manifest as wilting, stunting and chlorosis or lesions on the stem and/or leaves. Life cycle and appearance of Fusarium spp [...] spp. Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are

• Rhizoctonia solani

  formation of an infection cushion. Dispersal is by rain, water, machinery and tools and in soil particles and via movement of plant parts. The fungus grows from [...] parts in contact with the soil and from there can grow upward. Lesions are brown and rot on fruits is brown, water-soaked and sunken. Late infection causes [...] sclerotia can be seen, but they vary in size and colour and are therefore not a good feature to determine the cause of the disease. Life cycle and appearance

• Hemp russet mite

  Damage is caused by the mites sucking out the contents of plant cells. Hemp russet mite develops on the stems and petioles of the hemp plant and can cause [...] the number of buds and dwarfed buds. This damage can reduce yield and quality. Other signs of damage include dull, greyish, or bronzed leaves and upward curling [...] curling of leaf edges. Life cycle and appearance of Hemp russet mite All life stages of the hemp russet mite are extremely small and difficult to observe

• Clover

  consists of around 300 species of plants that are part of leguminous pea family of Fabaceae . The plant is found in many places. The greatest variety of species [...] varieties of clover are widely cultivated to serve as animal fodder. The most popular clover in this respect are the white clover Trifolium repens and the red [...] species is found in temperate climates in the Northern Hemisphere. However, many species exist in Africa and South America, also in tropical areas on high

• Grape downy mildew

  viticola , is one of the most important diseases in wine and table grape production worldwide. The disease spreads rapidly under warm and wet conditions [...] understanding of the disease cycle, and vigilant monitoring of high-risk weather conditions are key to maintaining a healthy vineyard. Signs and damage symptoms [...] angular and limited by leaf veins White to greyish downy growth on the underside of leaves under humid conditions Spots turning brown and necrotic as the disease