• Protected vegetables

  Compliance with regulations: IPM aligns with increasingly stringent regulations on pesticide use, making it easier for growers to comply with legal requirements [...] typically begins before planting and continues throughout the growing season, with a focus on early detection. Early identification of pests and diseases allows [...] crop yield and quality while reducing the environmental footprint associated with chemical treatments. Sticky traps ( Horiver ) play a crucial role in monitoring

• Fusarium spp.

  Fusarium spp. is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are [...] cycle and appearance of Fusarium spp. Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of [...] rotation Use clean propagation material (seed can be treated effectively with hot water) Use clean substrate in greenhouse crops Disinfect tools, machinery

• Pepino mosaic virus

  protection. With this technology, the plants are purposely inoculated with a mild isolate of the PepMV. This prevents subsequent infections with aggressive [...] means that damage can be more severe during a certain period of the year, with 50-60% non-marketable fruits. Moreover, some tomato varieties are more s [...] Cracks and damage to the fruit (splitting open) Symptoms on fruits can appear with or without symptoms on the rest of the plant, depending on the tomato variety

• Black leg of seedlings

  Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle and appearance of Black leg of seedlings Pythium [...] sporangia from which subsequently zoospores are produced. Zoospores are spores with flagellae, which enable the spores to move through water. The zoospores are [...] through other similarly damaged spots. On the infected plant, new sporangia with zoospores are formed, that allow the disease to spread to neighbouring plants

• Bacterial canker of tomato

  crop entirely or, if the crop is old, only the plants in the infected area, with a substantial buffer zone. Replanting can only take place after thorough [...] cankers to form. On tomato leaves, water-soaked lesions occur, usually white with a brown centre. In potato, the disease usually only occurs in the second [...] expansion of the wilt upwards. Cutting the stem at the foot shows whitish ooze with bacteria in the case of C lavibacter infection, but other than that the disease

• Bacterial wilt, brown rot

  yellowing of leaves and stunted plants. Inside, vascular browning is common with bacterial slime oozing from the cut. When the bacteria transfers to young [...] cuttings of ornamentals ) from warmer regions. Different races are distinguished with a differing, but overlapping host-range. Race 3 is pretty much restricted [...] potatoes for propagation, since cutting tubers can increase disease incidence with up to 250% Quarantine measures are in place, including a five-year ban on

• Grey mould

  are harvested and put into cold storage. Wounds can also provide the fungus with sufficient moisture, for example pruning wounds on the stems of cucumber [...] damaged plants. How to prevent Grey mould Make sure the crop grows regularly with not too much vegetative growth, in order to maintain a microclimate which [...] Remove diseased plants or plant parts in a closed plastic bag In tomato: prune with a knife and not by hand, to avoid rugged, irregular wound surfaces In cucumber:

• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  required. Inside the plant, the pathogens produce haustoria, small organs with which the pathogen can take up nutrients from the living plant cells. The [...] prevent Downey mildew Choose resistant cultivars Use a wide crop rotation with non-host crops Prevent a humid microclimate. Achieve this by lowering crop

• Eggjuvant

  eggs. Premix 5 gallons of concentrate in a bucket, which then can be mixed with the final volume of water. After the final volume is reached, gently mix [...] mixed. Longer periods in suspension may result in poor egg viability. Consult with your Koppert representative for beneficial insect rates. Dosage Use 3.9 ounces [...] 110 grams per 100 gallons of spray. Combined use To be used in combination with Chrysopa E Storage conditions Store in a cool, dry place. Store in original

• Grapevine powdery mildew

  lifecycle of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) is closely synchronized with the vine growth stages and environmental conditions. Understanding its lifecycle