Whitefly

the longer the hairs on the leaf, the longer the hairs on the insect. In other words, the larva adapts itself to the structure of the leaf on which it lives [...] other at the pupal stage. The adult emerges from the hardened cuticle of the pupa through a characteristically shaped opening; the pupa splits on the upper [...] very hairy leaves, the larva can sometimes become deformed if the growth is obstructed by the stiff hairs. As soon as the red eyes of the adult whitefly are

Tree specialist Wolterinck: Control of oak processionary caterpillar with Entonem

Nematodes are a better solution for urban areas.’ Wolterinck BV sprays the nematodes when the caterpillar egg casings begin to emerge. A second spraying [...] advocate Wolterinck BV is a staunch advocate of Entonem against the oak processionary caterpillar. Ivo de Groot continues, ‘The product has a guaranteed firm [...] witnessed the effect of Koppert’s nematode product Entonem on the oak processionary caterpillar. ‘We’ve been using nematodes for years. The product is our preferred

ISARID_v3.0_8.4__24.11.20___2lb_CIMM_242471.pdf

Droplet Size: The most effective way to reduce drift potential is to apply large droplets. The best drift management strategy is to apply the largest droplets [...] on the intake side of the injection pump and connected to the system interlock to prevent fluid from being withdrawn from the supply tank when the irrigation [...] determine the number of acres or square feet to be treated, determine the specified label use rate, and select the appropriate volume to give good saturation

Two-spotted spider mite

active than the females, with a body that is narrower and more pointed at the rear. Colour is very variable: from light yellow or orange to dark yellow [...] mites in sachets are a good preventative measure as the sachets enable a continuous supply of predatory mites even before the pest is present. Biological [...] infestations can cause the leaves to dry up and fall off the plant. Spider mite damage Larvae, nymphs and adults cause damage to the host plant by feeding

Thrips

hatching, the larvae begin to feed on plant tissue on the underside of the leaf. The larvae are smaller than the adults and lack wings. Depending on the species [...] cause damage to the plant by piercing the cells of the surface tissue and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting [...] larval instars, a pre-pupa and a pupal instar, and finally the adult insect. The eggs are kidney-shaped and have a white or yellow shell. Before a female deposits

Knowing & recognizing

s of the most prevalent pests, diseases and their natural enemies. This book provides the reader with the necessary information to understand the interaction [...] biological control is not a simple process, it has become a complex system in which many aspects need to be considered. The need for knowledge has been recognized [...] giving you the ability to recognize the pest or disease you are up against by means of detailed illustrations and close-up photographs. The knowledge gained

Plant Pollinator interactions in high temperatures

protection, the plant aborts the fruit to reduce fruit load on the plant and directs the assimilates to the vegetative growth of the plant. This is undesirable [...] pollination is taking place, and whether the setting is 100% is vital to ensure the maximum yield is achieved. Monitoring also provides a feedback loop to help [...] reduced if the humidity is too low or radiation is too high. strong, and the climate in the greenhouse is consistent. No easy feat, but the payback is more than

Black leg of seedlings

or substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. [...] enable the spores to move through water. The zoospores are chemically drawn to the growing roots of young plants and move towards them through the soil water [...] content of the substrate below 70% and ensure good drainage Disinfect recirculating nutrient solutions Increase the distance to the main substrate at the start

Aphids

throughout the world. Aphids form a single, very large group of insects: the super- family Aphidoidea, belonging to the order Hemiptera . The aphids discussed [...] larger than the other. For a large part of the season an aphid population consists of viviparous females. As reproduction is asexual, the progeny of a single [...] Aphids feed on the sap of plants, which can cause the leaves to turn yellow or become distorted. The damage is often more pronounced on the younger leaves

Rhizoctonia solani

emergence. A typical symptom of root infection is that the taproot is reduced to a thread. Reddish-brown lesions occur on the root just below the soil surface [...] don’t play a role in the epidemics or dispersal of the fungus, only the mycelium is important in this context. Thanatephorus cucumeris is a soil-inhabiting [...] On the diseased areas, sclerotia can be seen, but they vary in size and colour and are therefore not a good feature to determine the cause of the disease