mildew fungi are not very resistant to water so rain often limits the epidemics and spore dispersal by rain is negligible, since spores explode when in contact
if the ground is already wet. He waits until it rains. ‘I then apply the solutions right after it rains so that the nematodes can enter the soil. In the
formed which break open, releasing many bacteria. These are dispersed by rain and wind and by humans and tools. Until now, no bacteria have been isolated
unlike most other grapevine pathogens, it does not require free water (such as rain or dew) to infect, making it a persistent threat throughout the entire growing
greenhouse crops and by water in field crops, for example through splashes of rain or irrigation. Both in greenhouses and in the field, spraying may also spread
grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) need moisture (dew, rain, irrigation water) and nutrients for germination. Germination also happens
allows the bumblebees to calm down Protect the hives from direct sunlight and rain, and weigh down the hive for example with a stone, to prevent it from blowing
release motile zoospores within 24 hours. These zoospores are dispersed via rain splash to the canopy, where they encyst and penetrate the host through stomata
the cuticle after the formation of an infection cushion. Dispersal is by rain, water, machinery and tools and in soil particles and via movement of plant