Broad mite

in their larval cuticle. Mating occurs as soon as the adult female emerges from the larval cuticle. Tarsonemid mites have no eyes. Female broad mites (

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

nutrients from the living plant cells. The pathogens continue to grow inside the leaves and after a while new spore-bearing structures are protruding from the [...] turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. Life cycle and appearance of Downy mildew Pathogens causing [...] Oomycetes and related to Pythium and Phytophthora. They survive as oospores. From these oospores or surviving mycelium sporangia are formed, structures in

Stable fly

yellowish-white larvae will generally emerge from the eggs in 1–4 days. They are typical maggots ranging in size from 5–12 mm long, and they pass through three [...] Stomoxys spp. on livestock includes: Weakened animals and potential anemia from continual irritation, stress and blood feeding. Lower livestock feeding due [...] and, most significantly, they have long, piercing mouthparts that protrude from the front of the head. Additionally, Stomoxys flies will rest on surfaces

Tomato leaf miner

distinguish from feeding spots. Larvae of Liriomyza bryoniae are transparent white, older larvae have a yellow head. When the larva hatches from the egg, [...] more commonly on the underside. The late third instar larva, that emerges from its tunnel just prior to pupating, is known as a prepupa. This stage lasts

Garden chafer

General The garden chafer ( Phyllopertha horticola ) is a beetle from the Scarabaeidae family. It does most of its damage in the larval stage when it feeds [...] are only active at night, taking round bites out of the leaves, starting from the edge. This damage is usually not a problem in vegetables and fruit crops [...] neck shield is metallic green to shiny black. In Central Europe, they emerge from the soil in May or June. Low swarming flights just above the soil surface

Grapes

Black leg of seedlings

is stimulated by exudates from roots of a susceptible host nearby. The oospores germinate and form so-called sporangia from which subsequently zoospores [...] usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too high or low temperatures [...] typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle and appearance of Black leg

Bacterial canker of tomato

Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When the occasional infection is found, strict measures are taken [...] Potato growers lose their entire crop of the affected field and potatoes from other fields on the farm, are labelled as ‘suspect’ that year. On the infected [...] lavibacter infection, but other than that the disease is difficult to distinguish from wilting caused by other pathogens. On potato tubers, first discolouration

Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

have been isolated from crazy roots. This disease seems to be caused by a change in the hormonal system of the plant resulting from the Rhizobium infection [...] bacteria survive in the soil, but it is possible that first infection is from the propagation material. Infection also takes place via wounds. After infection

Grape downy mildew

parasitize mesophyll cells. The latent period (the time from infection to visible symptoms) ranges from 4 to 21 days, depending on temperature; the most rapid